First, these polar lipids provided the stabilizing lipid monolayer of the plasma lipoproteins (e.g.Īmphipathic polar lipids play a key structural role in the organization of two important classes of lipid-protein assemblies (Fig. high density and low density lipoproteins) involved in lipid transport. Functional apoproteins embedded in the lipid monolayer regulate lipoprotein secretion from cells, act as co-factors for lipolytic enzymes, and are involved in binding of lipoproteins to membrane receptors (see below). In addition, polar lipids constitute the polar lipid bilayer compartment of the plasma (and organelle) membranes of cells. Again membrane proteins with specific functions (enzymes, transport proteins, receptors, etc.) are organized in the lipid bilayer in specific, asymmetric orientations. These two lipid matrices are comprised of glycerolipids (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, etc.), sphingolipids (including sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids), as well as cholesterol.Ĭhen, S.C., Sturtevant, J.M., and Gaffney, B.J. (1980) Scanning calorimetric evidence for a third phase transition in phosphatidylcholine bi-layers. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 is the second instalment of a two-part film based on Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows by J. Rowling, and the final film in the Harry Potter series.ĭavid Yates, who directed the preceding two films, directed both parts, while Steve Kloves returned to script. The first part was released internationally on 18 November 2010 and the following day in the United Kingdom and the United States, with the second released on 13 July 2011. Production of the two films occurred concurrently, and treated as if it were one film. The idea to split the films had been around since the middle of 2007, but only really came into serious consideration after producer David Heyman was able to talk to writer Steve Kloves when the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike ended and Heyman had Rowling's approval. additionally confirmed that the film would be split into two, to do justice to the book. David Yates, director of Order of the Phoenix and Half-Blood Prince will return to direct and Steve Kloves is going to write the screenplay.
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